I, Technological process of spinning and conversion of units:
If you want to spin cotton into yarn, it generally goes through basic processes such as flower cleaning, cotton combing, parallel stripes, roving, yarn, etc. Yarns and threads used in high-end products also require an additional combing process.
In order to produce cotton yarn with different requirements, different processing procedures must also be adopted, if spinning pure cotton yarn and cotton blend, due to the different materials used, different types of raw materials have different physical characteristics, as well as different product quality requirements, when processing different production processes must be used.
(i) Process of producing pure cotton yarn
1. Pupinskaya yarn: safflower → comb → head and → two and three → roving → yarn → processing
2. Comb: safflower → comb → pre-combining → roll → comb → head and → two and three and → roving → yarn → post-processing.
ii) Cleaning processes for cotton blend
1. Pu - comb: cotton - raw: safflower → comb → head and → two and three and → roving → yarn → processing
Polyester: Flower cleaning → cotton combing
2. Comb: cotton - raw: safflower → comb → pre-merging → roll → comb → head and → two and three and → roving → yarn → post-processing
Polyester: Flower cleaning → cotton combing → pre-merging
II, Classification and varietal code of yarn
(i) General classification of yarn products
Basis of classification
Classification
Various cotton yarns using raw materials, purified fiber yarns, cotton blended yarns, wool blended yarns
Spinning Methods Various ring spindle spinning filaments, jet spinning filaments, electrostatic spinning filaments, etc.
The spinning technology is different from combing yarn, combing yarn, peach wool yarn
Various forward torsions in the direction of torsion (s - torsion), reverse torsions (z - torsion)
Gauze for various fabrics, yarn for knitwear, yarn for pile, yarn for ropes, yarn for fishing nets, yarn for cord
(ii) Classification of yarn thickness
Category number
Bulk yarn over 32tex18 and below
Average yarn size 20 - 30tex19 - 29 pcs.
Fine yarn 9 - 19tex30 - 60 pcs.
Number of parts less than 9tex60
(3) Yarn grade code, see below
Variety code
Velvet yarn t
Latitude yarn w
Cable yarn R
Mobile yarn d
Saser yarn j cotton yarn c/v
K jersey fabric
Comb Knit Fabric
Note: When a yarn is designated by a code, the general source code, processing code are written before the tex value, and the use code is written after the tex value.
III,Yarn Thickness Expression
1. Relevant definitions
There are two ways to represent the thickness of yarn: one is the fixed length system (numerical system), that is, the weight of the yarn per unit length. One of them is fixed weight, that is, the length of yarn per unit weight. Currently, our country has a fixed duration system.
(1) Number of vulgar titles Turks (tex), abbreviated tech. With a general moisture coefficient (8.5%), 1000 meters of length of cotton yarn, how much it weighs is called how many tons.
Tex=g / l×1000
In the formula:
Tex - Turks (no)
g - yarn weight at total moisture coefficient (g)
l - yarn sample length (m)
If a 1000m long yarn weighs 28g, then that yarn is 28 turks (or number).
(2) Number of branches of English manufacture: With a general fixed ebb rate (9.89%), the weight of 1 pound of cotton yarn, which is several 840 yards long, is called several cotton yarns.
e=l / (840×g)
In the formula:
e - English number
l - yarn sample length (code)
g is the weight of the yarn at the total moisture coefficient (lb)
If a piece of 1 pound yarn is 32 840 yards long, then that yarn is 32.
(3) Number of metric branches: With a general fixed casting ratio (8.5%), a 1000g cotton yarn whose length is several 1000m is called multiple cotton yarns.
nm=l / g
In the formula:
nm - metric number
g - yarn weight at total moisture coefficient (g)
l - yarn sample length (m)
(4) Denir: Usually used to denote the fineness of man-made and natural fibers. With the general ebb coefficient of a fiber 9000 meters long, how many grams it weighs is called the number of days.
d=g / lx 9000
In the formula:
D - Number of fibers
g - Weight of fibers at total moisture coefficient (g)
l - Fiber sample length (m)
2, (constant length) Line density tex dannielden
(weight system) Number in the metric system.
IV, Conversion to a public system
1. Formula for converting a number to the English system
Tex=590.5/ne or tex=583.1/ne
2. Formula to convert number to metric unit
Tex=1000/nm
3. Number and Denier conversion formula
Tex=d/9
4. Conventional units of measurement
4.1 Units of length
Metric system: meter (m), cm (cm), mm (mm). l m=100 cm=1000 mm
English: Code (yd), inch (in). 1 yd=3 feet, 1 foot=12 inches.
Conversion: 1 yd=09144 m, 1 ft=03048 m, l inch=2,54 cm=25,4 mm.
1 meter=1.0936 yd=3.2808 feet.
4.2 Units of mass (weight)
Metric system: ton (t), kg (kg), g (g). 1 t=1000 kg, 1 kg=1000 g, 1 g=1000 mg.
English: pound (lb), ounce (oz), green (gr). 1 pound=16 ounces=7000 greens, 1 ounce=437.5 greens.
Conversion: 1 lb=04536 kg=453.6 g, 1 ounce=28.35 g, 1 green=00648 g.
1 kg=22046 lbs, 1 g=15432 green.
4.3 Area units
Metric system: m 2 (m2), cm 2 (cm2), mm 2 (mm2). 1 m 2=10 000 cm2, 1 cm 2=100 mm2.
English system: Code 2 (yd2).
Conversion: 1 meter 2=1.196 yd 2
4.4 Units of force
Metric system: Newton (n), Ri Newton (cn). 1 Newton (n)=100 l newton (cn), 1 kg force (kgf)=1000 g force (gf).
English system: Pound force (lbf).
Conversion: 1 kg force (kgf)=9,807 newton (n), 1 g force (gf)=09807 l newton (cn), 1 newton (n)=0225 f force ( lbf).
4.5 Volume units
Metric system: meter 3, liter, ml 3. 1 m 3=1000 l, 1 l=1000 ml 3.
English: gallons, code 3.
Conversion: 1 meter 3=1,308 code 3, 1 liter=0,22 gallons, 1 gallon=4,546 liters.
4.6 Surface density units
Metric system: kg/m2 (kg/m2).
English: ounce/code 2 (oz/yd2).
Conversion: 1 kg/m2=294535 oz/m2.
4.7 Yarn quantity
Units: Turks (tex), Daniel (den), number of branches of the English system (ne), number of branches of the metric system (nm).
Conversion: 1 dannil (den)=Turks (tex) × 9, English number of branches ne=590.5 / Turks (tex), Turks (tex)=1000 / metric number of branches ( nm).
4.8 Fabric density
Units: metric density (root/10cm), English density (root/in).
Conversion: metric density (root / 10cm)=English density (root / in) / 0.254.
